International sales from raw barley exports from all supplier countries totaled US$8.87 billion in 2025.

The overall value of barley exports retreated by an average -17.3% for all exporting countries since 2021 when total barley shipments were valued at $10.7 billion.

Exports of barley sold on international markets in 2025 flatlined via a -0.3% reduction starting from $8.9 billion in 2024.

Barley is a traditional food ingredient used in soups, stews, breads and beverages. More recently, this major cereal grain has become a staple component for health foods. Barley is also used to ferment malt beer. A member of the grass family, barley has an additional food use serving as animal fodder.

The 5 biggest exporters of barley are Australia, France, Argentina, Germany and Romania. Combined, those 5 major suppliers approached two-thirds (64.6%) of all exported barley by sales during 2025. Such a high percentage indicates a relatively concentrated cohort of international barley suppliers.

Applying a continental lens, suppliers in Europe sold the highest dollar worth of exported barley during 2025 with shipments valued at $4.63 billion over half (52.2%) of total barley exports.

In second place were exporters in Oceania (24.6%) Australia and, to a much lesser degree, New Zealand, ahead of Latin America plus the Caribbean (9.1%) and North America (7.3%).

Smaller percentages came from providers in Asia (6.6%) and Africa (0.2%).

For research purposes, the 4-digit Harmonized Tariff System code prefix for raw barley is 1003 (which is the focus of this analysis). Please note that the HTS codes for rolled, flaked, pearled or otherwise worked barley are scattered under 6-digit subgroups attached to a 1104 prefix.

Barley Exports by Country

Below are the 15 countries that exported the highest dollar value worth of raw barley during 2025.

1. Australia: US$2.2 billion (24.6% of total barley exports)
2. France: $1.4 billion (16.2%)
3. Argentina: $762.8 million (8.6%)
4. Germany: $717 million (8.1%)
5. Romania: $628 million (7.1%)
6. Canada: $596.7 million (6.7%)
7. Russia: $429.4 million (4.8%)
8. Kazakhstan: $322.4 million (3.6%)
9. Türkiye: $243.2 million (2.7%)
10. Ukraine: $206.7 million (2.3%)
11. United Kingdom: $172.7 million (1.9%)
12. Denmark: $154.4 million (1.7%)
13. Bulgaria: $146.9 million (1.7%)
14. Hungary: $111.4 million (1.3%)
15. Lithuania: $93.1 million (1%)

By value, the listed 15 countries shipped 92.5% of global barley exported in 2025.

Among the top exporters, the fastest-growing barley exporters since 2024 were: Türkiye (up 165.8%), Denmark (up 68.8%), Lithuania (up 53.8%) and Australia (up 32.7%).

Those countries that posted year-over-year declines in their exported barley sales were led by: Ukraine (down -62.9%), Russia (down -62.2%), Hungary (down -35.8%), Bulgaria (down -13.5%) and Canada (down -9.6%).

Searchable List of Barley Exporting Countries in 2025

The 86 international suppliers in the automated database below represent 100% of barley exported around the globe during 2025.

Rank	Exporter	Barley Exports	2024-5
1	Australia	$2,183,852,000	+32.7%
2	France	$1,440,680,000	+3.2%
3	Argentina	$762,842,000	+20.7%
4	Germany	$717,043,000	+5.4%
5	Romania	$627,978,000	+27.6%
6	Canada	$596,739,000	-9.6%
7	Russia	$429,444,000	-62.2%
8	Kazakhstan	$322,429,000	+21.6%
9	Türkiye	$243,162,000	+165.8%
10	Ukraine	$206,695,000	-62.9%
11	United Kingdom	$172,666,000	-1.5%
12	Denmark	$154,384,000	+68.8%
13	Bulgaria	$146,906,000	-13.5%
14	Hungary	$111,426,000	-35.8%
15	Lithuania	$93,067,000	+53.8%
16	Czech Republic	$89,377,000	-6.6%
17	Sweden	$80,273,000	+244.6%
18	Slovakia	$51,583,000	+47.3%
19	Poland	$49,848,000	-31%
20	United States	$48,575,000	+14.3%
21	Uruguay	$42,693,000	-47.4%
22	Estonia	$35,492,000	+0.3%
23	Belgium	$34,813,000	+31%
24	Moldova	$30,493,000	+19.5%
25	Croatia	$26,448,000	-20.6%
26	Spain	$24,359,000	+49.8%
27	Latvia	$23,956,000	-23.9%
28	Austria	$21,394,000	+22%
29	Netherlands	$19,591,000	-10.2%
30	Ireland	$14,031,000	+79.5%
31	South Africa	$12,385,000	+185.6%
32	Greece	$11,050,000	+468.1%
33	United Arab Emirates	$10,967,000	-73.4%
34	Serbia	$10,481,000	-42.1%
35	Kenya	$6,016,000	+29.8%
36	Luxembourg	$3,260,000	+10.9%
37	India	$2,512,000	+12.2%
38	Slovenia	$2,354,000	-23.3%
39	Azerbaijan	$1,744,000	+7827%
40	Italy	$1,723,000	+5.6%
41	Zambia	$1,193,000	+210.7%
42	Finland	$1,170,000	-80.7%
43	Georgia	$787,000	+935.5%
44	Mexico	$368,000	0%
45	South Korea	$339,000	+36.1%
46	Curaçao	$290,000	0%
47	Uganda	$263,000	+9.6%
48	New Zealand	$184,000	+348.8%
49	Portugal	$160,000	-96.8%
50	North Macedonia	$139,000	-97.1%
51	Ethiopia	$123,000	+547.4%
52	Ecuador	$89,000	+134.2%
53	Norway	$84,000	+10.5%
54	Japan	$81,000	-11%
55	Malta	$65,000	0%
56	Malaysia	$64,000	-12.3%
57	Mozambique	$57,000	0%
58	mainland China	$52,000	+2%
59	Singapore	$49,000	-30%
60	Tanzania	$27,000	-94.9%
61	Israel	$18,000	-70%
62	Switzerland	$16,000	-96.4%
63	Algeria	$14,000	0%
64	Bosnia/Herzegovina	$12,000	+140%
65	Guatemala	$11,000	-21.4%
66	Lebanon	$10,000	-94.8%
67	Chile	$9,000	-82.7%
68	Peru	$9,000	-88.9%
69	Thailand	$8,000	-27.3%
70	Albania	$7,000	0%
71	Sri Lanka	$6,000	+50%
72	Afghanistan	$5,000	-99.8%
73	Cyprus	$4,000	0%
74	Tunisia	$3,000	0%
75	Hong Kong	$2,000	0%
76	Guyana	$1,000	0%
77	Brazil	$1,000	0%

The fastest growers in terms of money collected from their barley exports are: Azerbaijan (up 7,827% from 2024), Georgia (up 935.5%), Ethiopia (up 547.4%), Greece (up 468.1%) and New Zealand (up 348.8%).

Note that you can change the presentation order by clicking the triangle icon at the top of any of the columns above. An entry of 0% in the right-most column means 2024 data was unavailable.

Countries Exporting Most Barley by Shipment Weight

The worldwide total for barley shipped in 2025 was 37.8 million tons, down by -12.9% from 43.4 million tons in 2021. Year over year, global shipments fell by -1.9% from 38.6 million tons during 2024.

Listed below are the top 15 counties that exported the greatest amounts of barley in terms of shipment tonnage.

1. Australia: 9,007,969 tons of exported barley (up 2.8% from 2021)
2. France: 6,275,617 tons (down -4.2%)
3. Argentina: 3,350,978 tons (up 33.7%)
4. Germany: 3,284,558 tons (up 6.5%)
5. Romania: 2,884,560 tons (up 37.2%)
6. Canada: 2,418,752 tons (down -31.1%)
7. Russia: 1,871,615 tons (down -52.8%)
8. Kazakhstan: 1,750,485 tons (up 125.6%)
9. Türkiye: 997,502 tons (up 558.8%)
10. Ukraine: 813,950 tons (down -85.6%)
11. United Kingdom: 700,384 tons (down -9.1%)
12. Bulgaria: 697,389 tons (up 61.7%)
13. Denmark: 581,991 tons (down -39.7%)
14. Hungary: 471,839 tons (2024 data unavailable)
15. Lithuania: 457,230 tons (up 69.2%)
16. Sweden: 315,705 tons (down -15.6%)
17. Slovakia: 244,621 tons (up 70.3%)

The strongest gainers from 2021 to 2025 in terms of physical shipment volume were Türkiye (up 558.8%), Kazakhstan (up 125.6%), Slovakia (up 70.3%), Lithuania (up 69.2%) then Bulgaria (up 61.7%).

Average Prices for Barley by Major Export Countries

The worldwide average unit price for barley exports was US$234 per ton in 2025. That dollar average was down -5.3% from $247 for 2021 but up by 1.3% compared to $231 for 2024.

Listed below are average unit prices for the 15 of the top barley exporters worldwide. They are listed in ascending order starting with countries that exported the highest overall dollar value worth of barley.

1. Australia: US$242 per ton of exported barley (down -5.5% from 2024)
2. France: $230 per ton (down -7.6%)
3. Argentina: $228 per ton (down -3.4%)
4. Germany: $218 per ton (up 5.3%)
5. Romania: $218 per ton (up 10.1%)
6. Canada: $247 per ton (down -3.9%)
7. Russia: $229 per ton (down -3.8%)
8. Kazakhstan: $184 per ton (up 10.8%)
9. Türkiye: $244 per ton (down -9.3%)
10. Ukraine: $254 per ton (up 53.9%)
11. United Kingdom: $247 per ton (down -11.5%)
12. Denmark: $265 per ton (down -13.4%)
13. Bulgaria: $211 per ton (up 6.6%)
14. Hungary: $236 per ton (up 21.6%)
15. Lithuania: $204 per ton (up 1.5%)
16. Sweden: $254 per ton (down -6.6%)

Average unit prices above the world benchmark of $234 per ton were charged by barley exporters in Australia, Canada, Türkiye, Ukraine, United Kingdom and Denmark.

The lowest average prices among the above-listed competitors were attributed to barley shippers in Kazakhstan ($184 per ton) and Lithuania ($204 per ton).

Countries Generating Greatest Surpluses Trading Barley

The following countries posted the highest positive net exports for barley during 2025. Investopedia defines net exports as the value of a country’s total exports minus the value of its total imports. Thus, the statistics below present the surplus between the value of each country’s exported barley and its import purchases for that same commodity.

1. Australia: US$2.2 billion (net export surplus up 32.7% since 2024)
2. France: $1.4 billion (up 3.1%)
3. Argentina: $762.8 million (up 20.7%)
4. Romania: $597.5 million (up 37.6%)
5. Canada: $569.7 million (down -9.9%)
6. Germany: $489.5 million (up 43.7%)
7. Russia: $424.8 million (down -62.6%)
8. Kazakhstan: $302.8 million (up 26.7%)
9. Ukraine: $205.8 million (down -63.0%)
10. Bulgaria: $145.8 million (down -13.7%)
11. Denmark: $122.1 million (up 714.0%)
12. United Kingdom: $110.3 million (down -8.2%)
13. Hungary: $98.4 million (down -42.1%)
14. Lithuania: $91.4 million (up 62.5%)
15. Czech Republic: $72.8 million (down -12.9%)

World-leading barley exporter Australia generated the highest surplus in the international trade of barley. In turn, this positive cashflow confirms both countries’ strong competitive advantages for this specific product category.

Countries Incurring Worst Deficits Trading Barley

The following countries posted the highest negative net exports for barley during 2025. Investopedia defines net exports as the value of a country’s total exports minus the value of its total imports. Thus, the statistics below present the deficit between the value of each country’s imported barley purchases and its exports for that same commodity.

1. mainland China: -US$2.7 billion (net export deficit down -29.1% since 2024)
2. Saudi Arabia: -$1.1 billion (up 25.9%)
3. Netherlands: -$528.9 million (down -8%)
4. Belgium: -$434.4 million (up 0.9%)
5. Iran: -$321.2 million (up 181.2%)
6. Japan: -$319.9 million (down -6.9%)
7. Brazil: -$246.1 million (down -7.1%)
8. Jordan: -$204.7 million (up 21.7%)
9. Libya: -$193.8 million (up 187.4%)
10. Italy: -$186.4 million (up 16.5%)
11. Morocco: -$177.2 million (down -32.2%)
12. Algeria: -$138.6 million (down -34.2%)
13. Iraq: -$122 million (up 90.3%)
14. Ireland: -$110.4 million (up 5%)
15. Colombia: -$108.6 million (down -7.3%)

Mainland China posted the highest deficit in the international trade of barley. In turn, this negative cashflow highlights strong Chinese competitive disadvantages for this specific product category but also signals opportunities for barley-supplying countries that help satisfy the powerful consumer demand.

Types of Barley-based Drinks

The following beverages are made with barley as one of the key ingredients.

• barley water
• barley wine
• barley-based soft drinks
• beer
• expresso-style hot drinks
• instant barley cereal drinks
• malt whisky
• malted milk
• roasted barley tea
• roasted grain beverages

 

See also Corn Exports by Country, Wheat Exports by Country, Rice Exports by Country and Top Fertilizers Exports by Country

Research Sources:
Central Intelligence Agency, The World Factbook Field Listing: Exports – Commodities. Accessed on September 14, 2026

Forbes Global 2000 rankings, The World’s Biggest Public Companies. Accessed on September 14, 2026

International Trade Centre, Trade Map. Accessed on September 14, 2026

Investopedia, Net Exports Definition. Accessed on September 14, 2026

Wikipedia, general description of barley and its uses. Accessed on September 14, 2026

Wikipedia, List of barley-based beverages. Accessed on September 14, 2026