That dollar amount results from a 25% advance compared to $2.55 billion 5 years earlier during 2020.
Year over year, the total value of Georgian exports gained 4.9% from $3.04 billion starting from 2023.
Based on the average exchange rate for 2024, the Georgian lari appreciated by 13.8% against the US dollar since 2020 but declined by -3.5% from 2023 to 2024. Georgia’s stronger local currency starting from 2020 makes its exports paid for in weaker US dollars relatively more expensive for international buyers starting from American currency.
Georgia’s Best Exports Customers
The latest available country-specific data shows that 74.8% of products exported from Georgia was bought by importers in: Russia (20.5% of the Georgian total), Türkiye (12.9%), mainland China (8.7%), Armenia (7.3%), Azerbaijan (5.1%), United States of America (4.2%), Bulgaria (3.8%), Switzerland (3.4%), Ukraine (2.7%), Kazakhstan (2.6%), Uzbekistan (2%) and Italy (1.7%).
From a continental perspective, 46.6% of Georgia exports by value was delivered to Asian countries while 44.4% was sold to fellow European importers. Georgia shipped another 4.8% worth of goods to buyers in North America.
Smaller percentages went to customers in Africa (2%), Latin America (1.9%) excluding Mexico but including the Caribbean then Oceania (0.1%) mainly Australia.
Given Georgia’s population of 3.7 million people, its total $3.2 billion for 2024 exports translates to roughly $850 for every resident in the country typically associated with the Middle East. That per-capita dollar amount exceeds the average $800 for 2023.
Georgia’s Top 10 Exports
The following export product groups represent the highest dollar value in Georgian global shipments during 2024, at the 2-digit Harmonized Tariff System (HTS) code level. Also shown is the percentage share each export category represents in terms of overall exports from Georgia.
- Beverages, spirits, vinegar: US$837.7 million (26.2% of total exports)
- Iron, steel: $334.9 million (10.5%)
- Ores, slag, ash: $334.7 million (10.5%)
- Fruits, nuts: $209.9 million (6.6%)
- Fertilizers: $119.3 million (3.7%)
- Knit or crochet clothing, accessories: $113.5 million (3.6%)
- Machinery including computers: $108 million (3.4%)
- Gems, precious metals: $106.3 million (3.3%)
- Live animals: $100.4 million (3.1%)
- Mineral fuels including oil: $81 million (2.5%)
Georgia’s top 10 exports categories generated nearly three-quarters (73.4%) of the overall value of its global shipments.
The metals iron and steel represent the fastest grower among the top 10 export categories, up by 77.9% from 2023 to 2024.
In second place for improving export sales were beverages, spirits and vinegar via a 24.9% advance.
Georgia’s shipments of machinery including computers posted the third-fastest gain in value, up by 18%.
The leading decliner among Georgia’s top 10 export categories was ores, slag and ash, thanks to a -40.3% year-over-year drop.
The above listed product categories are at the 2-digit Harmonized Tariff System (HTS) code level.
Drilling down to the more detailed 4-digit HTS codes, Georgia’s most valuable exported goods are iron ferroalloys (10.1% of the Georgian total), wine (8.6%), alcoholic beverages including spirits and liqueurs (7.9%), mineral and aerated waters (5.2%), non-alcoholic drinks (4.3%) excluding water or juices and milk, nitrogenous fertilizers (3.7%), unwrought gold (3.3%) then copper ores and concentrates (2.9%).
Products Generating Trade Surpluses for Georgia
The following types of Georgian product shipments represent positive net exports or a trade balance surplus. Investopedia defines net exports as the value of a country’s total exports minus the value of its total imports.
In a nutshell, net exports represent the amount by which foreign spending on a home country’s goods or services exceeds or lags the home country’s spending on foreign goods or services.
- Beverages, spirits, vinegar: US$748.3 million (Up by 26.9% since 2023)
- Ores, slag, ash: $292.6 million (Down by -45.4%)
- Fruits, nuts: $108.1 million (Up by 10.1%)
- Fertilizers: $90.1 million (Down by -27%)
- Gems, precious metals: $87.8 million (Up by 14.1%)
- Live animals: $40.4 million (Down by -42.1%)
- Inorganic chemicals: $14.8 million (Up by 117.1%)
- Lead: $9.1 million (Up by 11.5%)
- Woodpulp: $3 million (Up by 41.7%)
Historically, Georgia has highly positive net exports in the international trade of waters and wine. In turn, these cashflows indicate Georgia’s strong competitive advantages under the beverages, spirits and vinegar product category.
Products Causing Trade Deficits for Georgia
Georgia racked up an overall -US$9.9 billion trade deficit during 2024, expanding by 24.4% from -$7.9 billion in red ink one year earlier in 2023.
Below are exports from Georgia that result in negative net exports or product trade balance deficits. These negative net exports reveal product categories where foreign spending on home country Georgia’s goods trail Georgian importer spending on foreign products.
- Mineral fuels including oil: -US$1.7 billion (Up by 4.6% since 2023)
- Machinery including computers: -$1.1 billion (Up by 8%)
- Electrical machinery, equipment: -$931.8 million (Up by 5.9%)
- Iron, steel: -$850.3 million (Up by 347%)
- Collector items, art, antiques: -$538.6 million (Up by 151622%)
- Pharmaceuticals: -$498.4 million (Up by 11.7%)
- Plastics, plastic articles: -$424.5 million (Up by 5.6%)
- Articles of iron or steel: -$370.1 million (Down by -1.9%)
- Furniture, bedding, lighting, signs, prefab buildings: -$248 million (Up by 4.2%)
- Perfumes, cosmetics: -$237.7 million (Up by 9%)
Under the mineral fuels including oil category, Georgia records highly negative net exports and therefore deep international trade deficits typically for particularly refined oils and petroleum gases.
These cashflow deficiencies clearly indicate Georgia’s competitive disadvantages in the international energy market, but also represent key opportunities for Georgia to improve its position in the global economy through focused innovations.
Georgian Export Companies
Given the country’s tiny size, it should come as no surprise that not one Georgian corporation ranks among Forbes Global 2000.
Wikipedia does list a group of Georgian companies which gives some insight into the types of exports shipped from Georgia. Selected examples are shown below.
- Badagoni Wine Company (wine producer)
- Georgian Industrial Group (energy products)
- JSC RMG Copper (copper, gold)
- JSC Tbilaviamsheni (aerospace products)
- Kutaisi Auto Mechanical Plant (trucks, automotive parts)
- MagtiCom Ltd (telecommunications)
- Rustavi Steel (steel products)
- Wissol Petroleum (oil, gas)
In macroeconomic terms, Georgia’s total exported goods represent an estimated 3.1% of its overall Gross Domestic Product for 2024 ($104.4 billion valued in Purchasing Power Parity US dollars). That 3.1% for exports to overall GDP in PPP for 2024 compares to 3.3% one year earlier. This seems to indicate a relatively decreasing reliance on products sold on international markets for Georgia’s total economic performance albeit based on a short timeframe.
Another key indicator of a country’s economic performance is its unemployment rate. Georgia’s unemployment rate averaged 13.9% for 2024, down from an average 16.4% jobless rate for 2023 according to International Monetary Fund statistics.
Georgia’s capital and largest city is Tbilisi.
See also Georgia’s Top Trading Partners, China’s Top Trading Partners, Russia Top Trading Partners and Turkey’s Top 10 Exports
Research Sources:
Central Intelligence Agency, Country Profiles, The World Factbook. Accessed on December 18, 2025
EXCHANGE-RATES.org, Georgian Lari (GEL) To US Dollar (USD) Exchange rate history. Accessed on December 18, 2025
Forbes Global 2000 rankings, The World’s Biggest Public Companies. Accessed on December 18, 2025
International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database (GDP based on Purchasing Power Parity). Accessed on December 18, 2025
International Trade Centre, Trade Map. Accessed on December 18, 2025
Investopedia, Net Exports Definition. Accessed on December 18, 2025
Wikipedia, Georgia (country). Accessed on December 18, 2025
Wikipedia, Gross domestic product. Accessed on December 18, 2025
Wikipedia, List of Companies of Georgia (country). Accessed on December 18, 2025
Wikipedia, Purchasing power parity. Accessed on December 18, 2025